term justice code post_mn post_sd post_med post_025 post_975 1937 "Black" "BLC" -2.852 .23 -2.85 -3.31 -2.407 1938 "Black" "BLC" -3.126 .247 -3.122 -3.62 -2.645 1939 "Black" "BLC" -3.206 .262 -3.203 -3.731 -2.708 1940 "Black" "BLC" -3.229 .258 -3.224 -3.745 -2.738 1941 "Black" "BLC" -3.113 .253 -3.109 -3.626 -2.63 1942 "Black" "BLC" -2.85 .25 -2.844 -3.356 -2.373 1943 "Black" "BLC" -2.525 .248 -2.52 -3.026 -2.051 1944 "Black" "BLC" -2.409 .227 -2.405 -2.864 -1.975 1945 "Black" "BLC" -2.029 .227 -2.025 -2.488 -1.605 1946 "Black" "BLC" -1.85 .202 -1.844 -2.26 -1.472 1947 "Black" "BLC" -1.726 .19 -1.722 -2.117 -1.371 1948 "Black" "BLC" -1.58 .186 -1.574 -1.959 -1.232 1949 "Black" "BLC" -1.625 .218 -1.622 -2.062 -1.206 1950 "Black" "BLC" -1.584 .205 -1.58 -1.999 -1.196 1951 "Black" "BLC" -1.473 .188 -1.469 -1.849 -1.118 1952 "Black" "BLC" -1.177 .176 -1.173 -1.536 -.845 1953 "Black" "BLC" -1.514 .183 -1.512 -1.884 -1.168 1954 "Black" "BLC" -1.575 .2 -1.57 -1.976 -1.193 1955 "Black" "BLC" -1.855 .2 -1.852 -2.261 -1.479 1956 "Black" "BLC" -2.037 .194 -2.035 -2.431 -1.665 1957 "Black" "BLC" -2.095 .189 -2.092 -2.479 -1.733 1958 "Black" "BLC" -1.98 .195 -1.977 -2.373 -1.603 1959 "Black" "BLC" -1.943 .188 -1.939 -2.323 -1.587 1960 "Black" "BLC" -1.815 .187 -1.812 -2.194 -1.455 1961 "Black" "BLC" -1.721 .193 -1.718 -2.108 -1.353 1962 "Black" "BLC" -1.639 .184 -1.635 -2.009 -1.298 1963 "Black" "BLC" -1.416 .177 -1.411 -1.775 -1.084 1964 "Black" "BLC" -.936 .176 -.935 -1.29 -.598 1965 "Black" "BLC" -.576 .152 -.572 -.883 -.29 1966 "Black" "BLC" -.295 .117 -.295 -.531 -.071 1967 "Black" "BLC" -.092 .127 -.089 -.346 .152 1968 "Black" "BLC" .001 .134 .001 -.265 .26 1969 "Black" "BLC" .086 .135 .085 -.18 .349 1970 "Black" "BLC" .063 .13 .062 -.196 .316 1970 "Blackmun" "BLKM" 1.85 .216 1.842 1.443 2.286 1971 "Blackmun" "BLKM" 1.805 .175 1.801 1.476 2.163 1972 "Blackmun" "BLKM" 1.455 .152 1.451 1.166 1.77 1973 "Blackmun" "BLKM" 1.307 .145 1.304 1.036 1.601 1974 "Blackmun" "BLKM" 1.029 .142 1.026 .762 1.311 1975 "Blackmun" "BLKM" .856 .124 .854 .618 1.099 1976 "Blackmun" "BLKM" .633 .118 .631 .404 .867 1977 "Blackmun" "BLKM" .262 .119 .261 .027 .498 1978 "Blackmun" "BLKM" .105 .106 .104 -.101 .314 1979 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.069 .108 -.068 -.283 .142 1980 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.153 .112 -.153 -.373 .066 1981 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.469 .115 -.468 -.7 -.247 1982 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.543 .115 -.542 -.774 -.323 1983 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.093 .111 -.091 -.314 .12 1984 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.218 .114 -.217 -.445 .006 1985 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.765 .124 -.763 -1.009 -.528 1986 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.928 .127 -.925 -1.182 -.688 1987 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.93 .143 -.928 -1.214 -.657 1988 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.963 .136 -.959 -1.243 -.709 1989 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -.845 .136 -.844 -1.117 -.586 1990 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -1.148 .158 -1.144 -1.465 -.847 1991 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -1.393 .181 -1.39 -1.76 -1.051 1992 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -1.542 .207 -1.535 -1.969 -1.16 1993 "Blackmun" "BLKM" -1.806 .246 -1.798 -2.303 -1.341 1937 "Brandeis" "BRAN" -.514 .168 -.509 -.855 -.195 1938 "Brandeis" "BRAN" -.474 .186 -.471 -.852 -.123 1956 "Brennan" "BRN" -.59 .141 -.587 -.873 -.321 1957 "Brennan" "BRN" -.714 .128 -.712 -.976 -.471 1958 "Brennan" "BRN" -.712 .132 -.709 -.979 -.46 1959 "Brennan" "BRN" -.868 .132 -.864 -1.132 -.621 1960 "Brennan" "BRN" -.874 .133 -.871 -1.144 -.622 1961 "Brennan" "BRN" -.728 .144 -.725 -1.016 -.45 1962 "Brennan" "BRN" -.967 .135 -.965 -1.239 -.713 1963 "Brennan" "BRN" -.825 .141 -.822 -1.114 -.56 1964 "Brennan" "BRN" -.685 .148 -.682 -.981 -.41 1965 "Brennan" "BRN" -.844 .149 -.84 -1.152 -.563 1966 "Brennan" "BRN" -.994 .143 -.99 -1.285 -.727 1967 "Brennan" "BRN" -1.039 .153 -1.036 -1.349 -.749 1968 "Brennan" "BRN" -.911 .154 -.908 -1.22 -.618 1969 "Brennan" "BRN" -.83 .159 -.824 -1.152 -.532 1970 "Brennan" "BRN" -.932 .149 -.928 -1.238 -.651 1971 "Brennan" "BRN" -1.088 .15 -1.083 -1.393 -.809 1972 "Brennan" "BRN" -1.351 .16 -1.348 -1.671 -1.048 1973 "Brennan" "BRN" -1.675 .173 -1.673 -2.021 -1.346 1974 "Brennan" "BRN" -1.951 .199 -1.948 -2.347 -1.569 1975 "Brennan" "BRN" -2.528 .209 -2.523 -2.945 -2.127 1976 "Brennan" "BRN" -2.809 .223 -2.808 -3.266 -2.386 1977 "Brennan" "BRN" -2.918 .241 -2.914 -3.402 -2.453 1978 "Brennan" "BRN" -2.894 .244 -2.887 -3.383 -2.429 1979 "Brennan" "BRN" -2.853 .245 -2.849 -3.348 -2.395 1980 "Brennan" "BRN" -2.693 .247 -2.687 -3.197 -2.225 1981 "Brennan" "BRN" -2.672 .246 -2.668 -3.17 -2.208 1982 "Brennan" "BRN" -2.504 .262 -2.497 -3.033 -2.003 1983 "Brennan" "BRN" -2.807 .253 -2.8 -3.328 -2.329 1984 "Brennan" "BRN" -3.015 .256 -3.009 -3.526 -2.528 1985 "Brennan" "BRN" -3.113 .27 -3.107 -3.648 -2.598 1986 "Brennan" "BRN" -3.37 .274 -3.365 -3.907 -2.851 1987 "Brennan" "BRN" -3.443 .29 -3.439 -4.024 -2.889 1988 "Brennan" "BRN" -3.538 .313 -3.531 -4.173 -2.95 1989 "Brennan" "BRN" -3.582 .343 -3.573 -4.279 -2.925 1994 "Breyer" "BRY" -.474 .166 -.468 -.812 -.169 1995 "Breyer" "BRY" -.705 .157 -.703 -1.019 -.408 1996 "Breyer" "BRY" -.947 .158 -.946 -1.265 -.646 1997 "Breyer" "BRY" -1.022 .167 -1.02 -1.353 -.702 1998 "Breyer" "BRY" -1.009 .167 -1.01 -1.34 -.685 1999 "Breyer" "BRY" -.993 .168 -.988 -1.336 -.673 2000 "Breyer" "BRY" -1.356 .179 -1.354 -1.714 -1.018 2001 "Breyer" "BRY" -1.383 .196 -1.377 -1.773 -1.016 2002 "Breyer" "BRY" -1.4 .245 -1.395 -1.903 -.94 1969 "Burger" "BURG" 1.941 .273 1.934 1.434 2.5 1970 "Burger" "BURG" 2.185 .237 2.181 1.737 2.67 1971 "Burger" "BURG" 2.425 .206 2.42 2.036 2.836 1972 "Burger" "BURG" 2.238 .202 2.231 1.854 2.645 1973 "Burger" "BURG" 2.171 .197 2.171 1.785 2.57 1974 "Burger" "BURG" 2.107 .194 2.106 1.732 2.492 1975 "Burger" "BURG" 1.968 .184 1.966 1.622 2.34 1976 "Burger" "BURG" 1.869 .177 1.865 1.532 2.23 1977 "Burger" "BURG" 1.546 .174 1.545 1.214 1.901 1978 "Burger" "BURG" 1.408 .161 1.404 1.102 1.731 1979 "Burger" "BURG" 1.174 .152 1.168 .89 1.485 1980 "Burger" "BURG" 1.346 .159 1.343 1.038 1.663 1981 "Burger" "BURG" 1.464 .156 1.461 1.166 1.78 1982 "Burger" "BURG" 1.321 .162 1.316 1.019 1.651 1983 "Burger" "BURG" 1.498 .17 1.496 1.173 1.84 1984 "Burger" "BURG" 1.82 .182 1.814 1.476 2.194 1985 "Burger" "BURG" 1.957 .215 1.95 1.558 2.397 1945 "Burton" "BURT" .485 .166 .482 .169 .822 1946 "Burton" "BURT" .538 .127 .535 .295 .792 1947 "Burton" "BURT" .873 .134 .871 .618 1.143 1948 "Burton" "BURT" .942 .137 .939 .68 1.216 1949 "Burton" "BURT" .933 .171 .93 .601 1.278 1950 "Burton" "BURT" .949 .153 .946 .658 1.257 1951 "Burton" "BURT" .893 .154 .889 .6 1.204 1952 "Burton" "BURT" 1.185 .155 1.18 .896 1.505 1953 "Burton" "BURT" 1.271 .166 1.267 .964 1.608 1954 "Burton" "BURT" 1.24 .169 1.235 .923 1.584 1955 "Burton" "BURT" 1.247 .165 1.244 .935 1.576 1956 "Burton" "BURT" 1.242 .156 1.238 .944 1.559 1957 "Burton" "BURT" 1.096 .163 1.092 .792 1.434 1937 "Butler" "BUT" 1.762 .269 1.748 1.265 2.316 1938 "Butler" "BUT" 2.015 .268 2.007 1.516 2.564 1941 "Byrnes" "BYR" -.18 .161 -.177 -.5 .127 1937 "Cardozo" "CARD" -1.684 .472 -1.655 -2.671 -.827 1949 "Clark" "CLK" 1.002 .215 .995 .603 1.438 1950 "Clark" "CLK" 1.05 .181 1.044 .711 1.419 1951 "Clark" "CLK" 1.143 .163 1.139 .837 1.47 1952 "Clark" "CLK" 1.097 .148 1.092 .822 1.396 1953 "Clark" "CLK" .579 .136 .578 .316 .857 1954 "Clark" "CLK" .164 .127 .163 -.088 .414 1955 "Clark" "CLK" .071 .123 .072 -.176 .314 1956 "Clark" "CLK" .257 .118 .256 .027 .494 1957 "Clark" "CLK" .606 .115 .604 .386 .835 1958 "Clark" "CLK" .54 .12 .54 .308 .78 1959 "Clark" "CLK" .429 .112 .427 .212 .652 1960 "Clark" "CLK" .782 .122 .78 .549 1.025 1961 "Clark" "CLK" .407 .126 .406 .166 .658 1962 "Clark" "CLK" .207 .114 .205 -.017 .434 1963 "Clark" "CLK" .183 .114 .183 -.039 .41 1964 "Clark" "CLK" .02 .132 .02 -.238 .279 1965 "Clark" "CLK" -.051 .123 -.051 -.293 .185 1966 "Clark" "CLK" .079 .125 .077 -.161 .328 1938 "Douglas" "DOUG" -2.598 .341 -2.594 -3.271 -1.937 1939 "Douglas" "DOUG" -2.813 .298 -2.806 -3.42 -2.252 1940 "Douglas" "DOUG" -2.938 .267 -2.932 -3.478 -2.42 1941 "Douglas" "DOUG" -2.878 .242 -2.871 -3.375 -2.42 1942 "Douglas" "DOUG" -2.575 .23 -2.57 -3.044 -2.138 1943 "Douglas" "DOUG" -2.205 .215 -2.2 -2.641 -1.8 1944 "Douglas" "DOUG" -1.805 .2 -1.8 -2.218 -1.43 1945 "Douglas" "DOUG" -1.632 .201 -1.63 -2.028 -1.255 1946 "Douglas" "DOUG" -1.351 .184 -1.345 -1.725 -1.01 1947 "Douglas" "DOUG" -1.464 .186 -1.46 -1.841 -1.115 1948 "Douglas" "DOUG" -1.679 .183 -1.674 -2.045 -1.334 1949 "Douglas" "DOUG" -1.53 .228 -1.523 -1.994 -1.099 1950 "Douglas" "DOUG" -1.4 .239 -1.389 -1.904 -.962 1951 "Douglas" "DOUG" -1.594 .257 -1.583 -2.135 -1.13 1952 "Douglas" "DOUG" -2.247 .265 -2.238 -2.8 -1.764 1953 "Douglas" "DOUG" -2.843 .288 -2.836 -3.431 -2.292 1954 "Douglas" "DOUG" -3.429 .303 -3.422 -4.056 -2.863 1955 "Douglas" "DOUG" -3.877 .327 -3.873 -4.536 -3.258 1956 "Douglas" "DOUG" -4.26 .343 -4.254 -4.942 -3.614 1957 "Douglas" "DOUG" -4.546 .364 -4.539 -5.269 -3.859 1958 "Douglas" "DOUG" -4.767 .39 -4.762 -5.554 -4.018 1959 "Douglas" "DOUG" -4.905 .425 -4.893 -5.766 -4.088 1960 "Douglas" "DOUG" -5.024 .46 -5.013 -5.942 -4.129 1961 "Douglas" "DOUG" -5.125 .497 -5.122 -6.136 -4.161 1962 "Douglas" "DOUG" -5.211 .536 -5.205 -6.304 -4.175 1963 "Douglas" "DOUG" -5.313 .563 -5.306 -6.445 -4.208 1964 "Douglas" "DOUG" -5.472 .579 -5.464 -6.645 -4.353 1965 "Douglas" "DOUG" -5.608 .594 -5.593 -6.832 -4.452 1966 "Douglas" "DOUG" -5.731 .61 -5.715 -7.002 -4.557 1967 "Douglas" "DOUG" -5.853 .626 -5.835 -7.138 -4.639 1968 "Douglas" "DOUG" -5.964 .637 -5.944 -7.257 -4.732 1969 "Douglas" "DOUG" -6.041 .652 -6.015 -7.37 -4.789 1970 "Douglas" "DOUG" -6.12 .66 -6.092 -7.467 -4.871 1971 "Douglas" "DOUG" -6.19 .671 -6.157 -7.564 -4.925 1972 "Douglas" "DOUG" -6.209 .698 -6.171 -7.652 -4.89 1973 "Douglas" "DOUG" -6.252 .715 -6.216 -7.73 -4.898 1974 "Douglas" "DOUG" -6.318 .729 -6.289 -7.811 -4.938 1965 "Fortas" "FORT" -1.183 .199 -1.178 -1.588 -.809 1966 "Fortas" "FORT" -1.278 .167 -1.275 -1.614 -.965 1967 "Fortas" "FORT" -1.089 .183 -1.083 -1.463 -.749 1968 "Fortas" "FORT" -.945 .225 -.937 -1.408 -.531 1938 "Frankfurter" "FRK" -1.256 .228 -1.252 -1.718 -.821 1939 "Frankfurter" "FRK" -1.187 .167 -1.183 -1.521 -.869 1940 "Frankfurter" "FRK" -.686 .137 -.683 -.964 -.424 1941 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .101 .122 .102 -.14 .34 1942 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .416 .12 .415 .186 .656 1943 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .42 .12 .418 .188 .658 1944 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .406 .115 .404 .188 .635 1945 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .661 .149 .659 .37 .961 1946 "Frankfurter" "FRK" 1.015 .141 1.012 .749 1.302 1947 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .894 .136 .892 .637 1.167 1948 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .637 .126 .634 .395 .888 1949 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .363 .162 .357 .053 .696 1950 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .225 .134 .222 -.035 .49 1951 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .074 .132 .073 -.179 .334 1952 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .051 .118 .05 -.179 .282 1953 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .37 .127 .369 .124 .622 1954 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .37 .138 .368 .104 .644 1955 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .679 .147 .677 .393 .968 1956 "Frankfurter" "FRK" .875 .146 .872 .603 1.168 1957 "Frankfurter" "FRK" 1.246 .148 1.243 .963 1.545 1958 "Frankfurter" "FRK" 1.561 .168 1.557 1.234 1.901 1959 "Frankfurter" "FRK" 1.72 .182 1.715 1.376 2.089 1960 "Frankfurter" "FRK" 1.789 .208 1.787 1.397 2.208 1961 "Frankfurter" "FRK" 1.8 .268 1.794 1.304 2.344 1993 "Ginsburg" "GIN" -.303 .151 -.301 -.609 -.014 1994 "Ginsburg" "GIN" -.555 .143 -.553 -.84 -.278 1995 "Ginsburg" "GIN" -.624 .151 -.623 -.927 -.334 1996 "Ginsburg" "GIN" -.83 .153 -.824 -1.137 -.538 1997 "Ginsburg" "GIN" -1.047 .173 -1.043 -1.393 -.713 1998 "Ginsburg" "GIN" -1.272 .183 -1.271 -1.643 -.92 1999 "Ginsburg" "GIN" -1.613 .188 -1.609 -1.987 -1.254 2000 "Ginsburg" "GIN" -1.679 .201 -1.671 -2.081 -1.296 2001 "Ginsburg" "GIN" -1.677 .223 -1.671 -2.137 -1.269 2002 "Ginsburg" "GIN" -1.642 .265 -1.632 -2.188 -1.149 1962 "Goldberg" "GOLD" -.77 .154 -.765 -1.083 -.482 1963 "Goldberg" "GOLD" -.907 .147 -.903 -1.201 -.63 1964 "Goldberg" "GOLD" -.561 .183 -.555 -.942 -.225 1954 "Harlan" "HAR" .869 .228 .862 .431 1.328 1955 "Harlan" "HAR" 1.09 .178 1.086 .758 1.449 1956 "Harlan" "HAR" 1.305 .166 1.302 .99 1.643 1957 "Harlan" "HAR" 1.596 .166 1.592 1.278 1.933 1958 "Harlan" "HAR" 1.724 .186 1.721 1.373 2.099 1959 "Harlan" "HAR" 1.856 .189 1.848 1.498 2.237 1960 "Harlan" "HAR" 1.944 .206 1.94 1.545 2.356 1961 "Harlan" "HAR" 2.236 .219 2.235 1.815 2.663 1962 "Harlan" "HAR" 2.461 .223 2.454 2.044 2.913 1963 "Harlan" "HAR" 2.473 .228 2.468 2.046 2.935 1964 "Harlan" "HAR" 2.285 .237 2.286 1.828 2.745 1965 "Harlan" "HAR" 2.153 .219 2.149 1.723 2.597 1966 "Harlan" "HAR" 1.84 .197 1.836 1.466 2.238 1967 "Harlan" "HAR" 1.286 .184 1.282 .932 1.664 1968 "Harlan" "HAR" .778 .16 .773 .474 1.105 1969 "Harlan" "HAR" .663 .149 .66 .379 .961 1970 "Harlan" "HAR" .569 .167 .563 .254 .915 1937 "Hughes" "HUG" -.434 .154 -.434 -.741 -.13 1938 "Hughes" "HUG" -.289 .13 -.289 -.55 -.039 1939 "Hughes" "HUG" .299 .128 .296 .05 .557 1940 "Hughes" "HUG" .832 .164 .827 .522 1.161 1941 "Jackson" "JACK" .225 .148 .222 -.052 .529 1942 "Jackson" "JACK" .269 .126 .266 .027 .52 1943 "Jackson" "JACK" .184 .12 .183 -.05 .421 1944 "Jackson" "JACK" .231 .118 .231 .002 .467 1945 "Jackson" "JACK" .634 .185 .632 .274 .997 1946 "Jackson" "JACK" 1.026 .154 1.021 .736 1.336 1947 "Jackson" "JACK" 1.156 .154 1.153 .862 1.465 1948 "Jackson" "JACK" 1.297 .159 1.294 .999 1.622 1949 "Jackson" "JACK" .898 .209 .889 .511 1.334 1950 "Jackson" "JACK" .785 .157 .779 .492 1.103 1951 "Jackson" "JACK" .707 .147 .703 .426 1.003 1952 "Jackson" "JACK" .924 .16 .92 .622 1.247 1953 "Jackson" "JACK" .84 .191 .835 .475 1.229 1987 "Kennedy" "KEN" 1.112 .195 1.109 .74 1.507 1988 "Kennedy" "KEN" 1.385 .157 1.382 1.091 1.707 1989 "Kennedy" "KEN" 1.29 .148 1.289 1.009 1.589 1990 "Kennedy" "KEN" 1.09 .145 1.088 .807 1.384 1991 "Kennedy" "KEN" .732 .136 .731 .477 1.005 1992 "Kennedy" "KEN" .878 .144 .876 .602 1.167 1993 "Kennedy" "KEN" .719 .144 .716 .446 1.008 1994 "Kennedy" "KEN" .666 .141 .664 .397 .951 1995 "Kennedy" "KEN" .555 .144 .552 .283 .842 1996 "Kennedy" "KEN" .672 .14 .667 .408 .957 1997 "Kennedy" "KEN" .617 .149 .614 .337 .917 1998 "Kennedy" "KEN" .715 .154 .711 .42 1.021 1999 "Kennedy" "KEN" .951 .153 .946 .66 1.259 2000 "Kennedy" "KEN" .888 .156 .883 .596 1.203 2001 "Kennedy" "KEN" 1.011 .169 1.008 .686 1.355 2002 "Kennedy" "KEN" .902 .205 .895 .525 1.323 1967 "Marshall" "MAR" -.898 .194 -.892 -1.297 -.535 1968 "Marshall" "MAR" -.911 .168 -.906 -1.255 -.594 1969 "Marshall" "MAR" -.848 .164 -.844 -1.178 -.538 1970 "Marshall" "MAR" -.883 .146 -.879 -1.183 -.606 1971 "Marshall" "MAR" -.983 .145 -.98 -1.278 -.712 1972 "Marshall" "MAR" -1.277 .153 -1.274 -1.583 -.985 1973 "Marshall" "MAR" -1.444 .158 -1.441 -1.76 -1.142 1974 "Marshall" "MAR" -1.473 .18 -1.47 -1.835 -1.131 1975 "Marshall" "MAR" -2.041 .19 -2.037 -2.42 -1.68 1976 "Marshall" "MAR" -2.341 .212 -2.336 -2.767 -1.936 1977 "Marshall" "MAR" -2.626 .242 -2.622 -3.117 -2.171 1978 "Marshall" "MAR" -3.002 .255 -2.996 -3.511 -2.513 1979 "Marshall" "MAR" -3.262 .274 -3.255 -3.816 -2.741 1980 "Marshall" "MAR" -3.437 .286 -3.435 -4.002 -2.891 1981 "Marshall" "MAR" -3.555 .299 -3.549 -4.151 -2.987 1982 "Marshall" "MAR" -3.722 .307 -3.718 -4.335 -3.139 1983 "Marshall" "MAR" -3.77 .321 -3.763 -4.417 -3.168 1984 "Marshall" "MAR" -3.838 .333 -3.83 -4.511 -3.204 1985 "Marshall" "MAR" -3.913 .34 -3.904 -4.601 -3.26 1986 "Marshall" "MAR" -4.093 .348 -4.083 -4.793 -3.429 1987 "Marshall" "MAR" -4.238 .361 -4.226 -4.967 -3.553 1988 "Marshall" "MAR" -4.31 .386 -4.297 -5.093 -3.587 1989 "Marshall" "MAR" -4.284 .425 -4.271 -5.156 -3.49 1990 "Marshall" "MAR" -4.124 .493 -4.108 -5.124 -3.191 1937 "McReynolds" "MCR" 2.813 .307 2.795 2.25 3.461 1938 "McReynolds" "MCR" 2.814 .306 2.794 2.266 3.46 1939 "McReynolds" "MCR" 2.576 .343 2.549 1.981 3.337 1940 "McReynolds" "MCR" 2.059 .44 2.029 1.28 3.014 1949 "Minton" "MINT" 1.12 .217 1.115 .707 1.563 1950 "Minton" "MINT" 1.274 .185 1.267 .927 1.655 1951 "Minton" "MINT" 1.331 .173 1.329 .996 1.685 1952 "Minton" "MINT" 1.156 .157 1.152 .86 1.48 1953 "Minton" "MINT" .818 .159 .814 .517 1.141 1954 "Minton" "MINT" .845 .158 .842 .547 1.161 1955 "Minton" "MINT" .889 .175 .882 .563 1.242 1939 "Murphy" "MUR" -1.528 .245 -1.524 -2.03 -1.065 1940 "Murphy" "MUR" -1.484 .2 -1.478 -1.886 -1.11 1941 "Murphy" "MUR" -1.435 .183 -1.43 -1.814 -1.086 1942 "Murphy" "MUR" -1.579 .177 -1.576 -1.934 -1.24 1943 "Murphy" "MUR" -1.671 .177 -1.668 -2.025 -1.333 1944 "Murphy" "MUR" -1.392 .17 -1.388 -1.739 -1.072 1945 "Murphy" "MUR" -1.283 .187 -1.278 -1.664 -.924 1946 "Murphy" "MUR" -1.705 .175 -1.699 -2.062 -1.376 1947 "Murphy" "MUR" -1.643 .182 -1.636 -2.018 -1.303 1948 "Murphy" "MUR" -1.523 .209 -1.516 -1.947 -1.129 1981 "O'Connor" "OCON" 1.461 .183 1.456 1.114 1.833 1982 "O'Connor" "OCON" 1.61 .169 1.608 1.292 1.956 1983 "O'Connor" "OCON" 1.549 .167 1.547 1.226 1.888 1984 "O'Connor" "OCON" 1.415 .159 1.411 1.112 1.736 1985 "O'Connor" "OCON" 1.199 .145 1.195 .928 1.5 1986 "O'Connor" "OCON" 1.295 .142 1.291 1.028 1.589 1987 "O'Connor" "OCON" 1.469 .161 1.465 1.162 1.794 1988 "O'Connor" "OCON" 1.38 .162 1.377 1.071 1.703 1989 "O'Connor" "OCON" 1.336 .148 1.332 1.055 1.637 1990 "O'Connor" "OCON" .961 .142 .956 .693 1.247 1991 "O'Connor" "OCON" .533 .136 .529 .273 .808 1992 "O'Connor" "OCON" .677 .144 .674 .404 .964 1993 "O'Connor" "OCON" .849 .142 .846 .578 1.137 1994 "O'Connor" "OCON" .637 .145 .636 .363 .935 1995 "O'Connor" "OCON" .672 .151 .668 .385 .976 1996 "O'Connor" "OCON" .788 .151 .783 .501 1.088 1997 "O'Connor" "OCON" .875 .152 .872 .581 1.181 1998 "O'Connor" "OCON" .748 .153 .746 .456 1.052 1999 "O'Connor" "OCON" .72 .142 .716 .454 1.005 2000 "O'Connor" "OCON" .468 .136 .465 .202 .738 2001 "O'Connor" "OCON" .311 .141 .311 .038 .593 2002 "O'Connor" "OCON" .247 .177 .243 -.095 .614 1971 "Powell" "POW" 1.482 .192 1.478 1.123 1.874 1972 "Powell" "POW" 1.27 .151 1.265 .986 1.575 1973 "Powell" "POW" 1.221 .144 1.217 .951 1.512 1974 "Powell" "POW" 1.117 .145 1.116 .837 1.41 1975 "Powell" "POW" .938 .127 .935 .691 1.195 1976 "Powell" "POW" .703 .121 .7 .47 .944 1977 "Powell" "POW" .443 .123 .441 .208 .686 1978 "Powell" "POW" .784 .127 .781 .544 1.04 1979 "Powell" "POW" .787 .125 .784 .55 1.036 1980 "Powell" "POW" .803 .133 .799 .551 1.07 1981 "Powell" "POW" .873 .132 .868 .623 1.139 1982 "Powell" "POW" 1.074 .135 1.072 .815 1.344 1983 "Powell" "POW" .934 .137 .932 .676 1.209 1984 "Powell" "POW" .661 .137 .659 .4 .937 1985 "Powell" "POW" .774 .125 .771 .534 1.026 1986 "Powell" "POW" .742 .128 .739 .497 1.002 1937 "Reed" "REED" -.959 .241 -.958 -1.448 -.504 1938 "Reed" "REED" -1.057 .175 -1.054 -1.408 -.727 1939 "Reed" "REED" -.978 .153 -.975 -1.287 -.682 1940 "Reed" "REED" -.609 .138 -.606 -.888 -.346 1941 "Reed" "REED" -.222 .121 -.222 -.461 .014 1942 "Reed" "REED" .182 .114 .18 -.04 .406 1943 "Reed" "REED" .034 .116 .033 -.192 .259 1944 "Reed" "REED" -.197 .109 -.198 -.414 .015 1945 "Reed" "REED" -.004 .127 -.005 -.257 .244 1946 "Reed" "REED" .254 .112 .253 .038 .472 1947 "Reed" "REED" .557 .121 .555 .324 .798 1948 "Reed" "REED" .684 .131 .682 .435 .952 1949 "Reed" "REED" 1.05 .179 1.044 .71 1.41 1950 "Reed" "REED" 1.152 .171 1.147 .832 1.5 1951 "Reed" "REED" 1.184 .172 1.179 .861 1.536 1952 "Reed" "REED" 1.256 .171 1.25 .934 1.603 1953 "Reed" "REED" 1.436 .179 1.433 1.092 1.791 1954 "Reed" "REED" 1.445 .177 1.441 1.104 1.801 1955 "Reed" "REED" 1.042 .177 1.035 .713 1.409 1956 "Reed" "REED" .828 .217 .821 .428 1.266 1971 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 3.547 .252 3.544 3.06 4.043 1972 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 3.908 .272 3.904 3.385 4.45 1973 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 4.148 .287 4.142 3.598 4.72 1974 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 4.219 .309 4.215 3.63 4.839 1975 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 4.313 .315 4.304 3.715 4.961 1976 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 4.257 .33 4.245 3.648 4.932 1977 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 4.198 .345 4.186 3.537 4.904 1978 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 4.205 .344 4.194 3.562 4.898 1979 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 4.227 .331 4.219 3.604 4.902 1980 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 4.071 .335 4.06 3.442 4.752 1981 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 3.921 .328 3.914 3.3 4.578 1982 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 3.831 .314 3.825 3.233 4.461 1983 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 3.756 .296 3.751 3.19 4.351 1984 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 3.571 .283 3.563 3.03 4.138 1985 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 3.375 .267 3.369 2.87 3.904 1986 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 3.139 .25 3.134 2.663 3.643 1987 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 2.732 .254 2.728 2.247 3.244 1988 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 2.597 .236 2.592 2.146 3.067 1989 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 2.421 .227 2.417 1.994 2.877 1990 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 2.173 .216 2.17 1.76 2.604 1991 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.876 .207 1.869 1.487 2.307 1992 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.816 .201 1.811 1.429 2.224 1993 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.636 .198 1.63 1.258 2.031 1994 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.641 .194 1.639 1.268 2.032 1995 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.616 .194 1.613 1.242 1.999 1996 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.477 .199 1.47 1.099 1.875 1997 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.426 .199 1.421 1.048 1.836 1998 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.625 .192 1.622 1.259 2.011 1999 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.574 .197 1.57 1.208 1.98 2000 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.567 .188 1.563 1.21 1.949 2001 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.298 .2 1.29 .927 1.7 2002 "Rehnquist" "REHN" 1.073 .229 1.064 .643 1.54 1937 "Roberts" "ROB" -.037 .151 -.036 -.332 .257 1938 "Roberts" "ROB" .37 .141 .368 .098 .654 1939 "Roberts" "ROB" 1.012 .154 1.007 .72 1.321 1940 "Roberts" "ROB" 1.689 .185 1.686 1.336 2.07 1941 "Roberts" "ROB" 1.884 .227 1.878 1.458 2.338 1942 "Roberts" "ROB" 2.141 .247 2.133 1.682 2.645 1943 "Roberts" "ROB" 2.518 .263 2.511 2.022 3.044 1944 "Roberts" "ROB" 2.883 .285 2.873 2.35 3.471 1942 "Rutledge" "RUT" -1.079 .214 -1.073 -1.5 -.664 1943 "Rutledge" "RUT" -1.118 .163 -1.115 -1.445 -.813 1944 "Rutledge" "RUT" -1.28 .151 -1.277 -1.587 -.992 1945 "Rutledge" "RUT" -1.097 .176 -1.094 -1.449 -.763 1946 "Rutledge" "RUT" -1.343 .169 -1.337 -1.682 -1.022 1947 "Rutledge" "RUT" -1.677 .181 -1.671 -2.049 -1.334 1948 "Rutledge" "RUT" -1.764 .214 -1.758 -2.206 -1.362 1986 "Scalia" "SCAL" 1.378 .17 1.372 1.061 1.729 1987 "Scalia" "SCAL" 1.526 .171 1.523 1.202 1.865 1988 "Scalia" "SCAL" 1.657 .174 1.656 1.324 2.001 1989 "Scalia" "SCAL" 1.835 .182 1.83 1.488 2.207 1990 "Scalia" "SCAL" 1.985 .208 1.981 1.587 2.402 1991 "Scalia" "SCAL" 2.3 .211 2.297 1.901 2.733 1992 "Scalia" "SCAL" 2.318 .242 2.315 1.852 2.807 1993 "Scalia" "SCAL" 2.401 .255 2.392 1.919 2.921 1994 "Scalia" "SCAL" 2.649 .267 2.643 2.141 3.193 1995 "Scalia" "SCAL" 2.925 .285 2.919 2.387 3.516 1996 "Scalia" "SCAL" 3.184 .298 3.179 2.627 3.791 1997 "Scalia" "SCAL" 3.321 .318 3.314 2.717 3.971 1998 "Scalia" "SCAL" 3.397 .346 3.39 2.742 4.107 1999 "Scalia" "SCAL" 3.57 .36 3.561 2.886 4.304 2000 "Scalia" "SCAL" 3.696 .375 3.682 2.982 4.455 2001 "Scalia" "SCAL" 3.707 .406 3.696 2.949 4.532 2002 "Scalia" "SCAL" 3.613 .455 3.6 2.752 4.538 1990 "Souter" "SOUT" .942 .155 .94 .649 1.257 1991 "Souter" "SOUT" .558 .127 .557 .309 .814 1992 "Souter" "SOUT" .156 .125 .158 -.086 .399 1993 "Souter" "SOUT" -.359 .129 -.357 -.614 -.108 1994 "Souter" "SOUT" -.508 .138 -.507 -.782 -.245 1995 "Souter" "SOUT" -.541 .142 -.539 -.819 -.272 1996 "Souter" "SOUT" -.582 .146 -.579 -.876 -.305 1997 "Souter" "SOUT" -.731 .154 -.726 -1.036 -.439 1998 "Souter" "SOUT" -.847 .16 -.843 -1.171 -.541 1999 "Souter" "SOUT" -1.188 .165 -1.185 -1.518 -.873 2000 "Souter" "SOUT" -1.304 .176 -1.299 -1.651 -.963 2001 "Souter" "SOUT" -1.392 .194 -1.389 -1.786 -1.025 2002 "Souter" "SOUT" -1.386 .238 -1.38 -1.872 -.936 1975 "Stevens" "STEV" .035 .141 .035 -.241 .316 1976 "Stevens" "STEV" -.125 .109 -.123 -.34 .083 1977 "Stevens" "STEV" -.015 .115 -.015 -.239 .204 1978 "Stevens" "STEV" -.291 .11 -.289 -.508 -.076 1979 "Stevens" "STEV" -.268 .107 -.267 -.479 -.063 1980 "Stevens" "STEV" -.265 .116 -.264 -.493 -.039 1981 "Stevens" "STEV" -.25 .111 -.248 -.473 -.036 1982 "Stevens" "STEV" -.546 .119 -.545 -.786 -.319 1983 "Stevens" "STEV" -.593 .122 -.59 -.84 -.362 1984 "Stevens" "STEV" -.487 .125 -.484 -.738 -.247 1985 "Stevens" "STEV" -.468 .118 -.467 -.703 -.241 1986 "Stevens" "STEV" -.578 .115 -.577 -.808 -.361 1987 "Stevens" "STEV" -.509 .129 -.508 -.768 -.263 1988 "Stevens" "STEV" -.631 .129 -.629 -.895 -.385 1989 "Stevens" "STEV" -1.026 .147 -1.021 -1.317 -.749 1990 "Stevens" "STEV" -1.713 .181 -1.711 -2.07 -1.36 1991 "Stevens" "STEV" -2.088 .209 -2.085 -2.509 -1.696 1992 "Stevens" "STEV" -2.249 .237 -2.241 -2.725 -1.8 1993 "Stevens" "STEV" -2.451 .26 -2.444 -2.978 -1.959 1994 "Stevens" "STEV" -2.802 .264 -2.798 -3.338 -2.304 1995 "Stevens" "STEV" -3.021 .269 -3.014 -3.568 -2.508 1996 "Stevens" "STEV" -3.118 .278 -3.115 -3.677 -2.576 1997 "Stevens" "STEV" -3.072 .294 -3.067 -3.672 -2.507 1998 "Stevens" "STEV" -3.021 .302 -3.013 -3.634 -2.443 1999 "Stevens" "STEV" -2.931 .313 -2.921 -3.569 -2.341 2000 "Stevens" "STEV" -2.789 .34 -2.778 -3.496 -2.161 2001 "Stevens" "STEV" -2.715 .367 -2.698 -3.486 -2.053 2002 "Stevens" "STEV" -2.616 .42 -2.595 -3.485 -1.857 1958 "Stewart" "STWT" .883 .142 .88 .61 1.167 1959 "Stewart" "STWT" .651 .12 .65 .421 .896 1960 "Stewart" "STWT" .531 .122 .529 .297 .776 1961 "Stewart" "STWT" .483 .129 .481 .237 .741 1962 "Stewart" "STWT" .651 .127 .649 .412 .909 1963 "Stewart" "STWT" .484 .129 .483 .239 .742 1964 "Stewart" "STWT" .647 .149 .645 .364 .948 1965 "Stewart" "STWT" .829 .146 .827 .554 1.12 1966 "Stewart" "STWT" .907 .135 .905 .65 1.182 1967 "Stewart" "STWT" .468 .133 .467 .21 .734 1968 "Stewart" "STWT" .662 .141 .659 .39 .945 1969 "Stewart" "STWT" .623 .138 .62 .356 .894 1970 "Stewart" "STWT" .604 .121 .601 .369 .849 1971 "Stewart" "STWT" .21 .107 .208 .003 .425 1972 "Stewart" "STWT" .189 .104 .188 -.012 .393 1973 "Stewart" "STWT" .543 .11 .543 .336 .763 1974 "Stewart" "STWT" .409 .119 .407 .178 .651 1975 "Stewart" "STWT" .529 .114 .528 .311 .754 1976 "Stewart" "STWT" .483 .115 .48 .267 .717 1977 "Stewart" "STWT" .314 .116 .313 .093 .54 1978 "Stewart" "STWT" .544 .116 .542 .32 .774 1979 "Stewart" "STWT" .476 .117 .474 .25 .714 1980 "Stewart" "STWT" .656 .147 .653 .378 .951 1937 "Stone" "STON" -.78 .177 -.775 -1.137 -.448 1938 "Stone" "STON" -.75 .156 -.746 -1.069 -.455 1939 "Stone" "STON" -.752 .137 -.75 -1.021 -.493 1940 "Stone" "STON" -.308 .127 -.305 -.563 -.066 1941 "Stone" "STON" .404 .126 .403 .158 .651 1942 "Stone" "STON" .267 .119 .266 .041 .504 1943 "Stone" "STON" .172 .118 .172 -.057 .405 1944 "Stone" "STON" .514 .119 .514 .285 .756 1945 "Stone" "STON" .573 .182 .571 .222 .933 1937 "Sutherland" "SUT" 1.966 .42 1.947 1.183 2.828 1991 "Thomas" "THOM" 2.605 .328 2.592 2.002 3.285 1992 "Thomas" "THOM" 2.854 .319 2.845 2.264 3.51 1993 "Thomas" "THOM" 3.19 .307 3.179 2.625 3.823 1994 "Thomas" "THOM" 3.363 .312 3.354 2.791 4.009 1995 "Thomas" "THOM" 3.437 .324 3.425 2.834 4.107 1996 "Thomas" "THOM" 3.513 .331 3.502 2.89 4.194 1997 "Thomas" "THOM" 3.523 .342 3.51 2.89 4.222 1998 "Thomas" "THOM" 3.556 .356 3.544 2.896 4.286 1999 "Thomas" "THOM" 3.493 .38 3.475 2.793 4.288 2000 "Thomas" "THOM" 3.533 .393 3.512 2.813 4.362 2001 "Thomas" "THOM" 3.5 .426 3.481 2.708 4.376 2002 "Thomas" "THOM" 3.637 .451 3.622 2.805 4.547 1946 "Vinson" "VIN" .427 .131 .424 .175 .693 1947 "Vinson" "VIN" .569 .123 .566 .335 .817 1948 "Vinson" "VIN" .864 .132 .862 .614 1.133 1949 "Vinson" "VIN" 1.072 .169 1.071 .751 1.409 1950 "Vinson" "VIN" 1.18 .176 1.176 .847 1.532 1951 "Vinson" "VIN" 1.386 .181 1.382 1.047 1.754 1952 "Vinson" "VIN" 1.301 .216 1.291 .904 1.756 1953 "Warren" "WAR" .013 .147 .015 -.278 .297 1954 "Warren" "WAR" -.433 .142 -.43 -.721 -.163 1955 "Warren" "WAR" -1.039 .149 -1.033 -1.339 -.759 1956 "Warren" "WAR" -1.198 .154 -1.195 -1.505 -.905 1957 "Warren" "WAR" -1.458 .153 -1.454 -1.763 -1.163 1958 "Warren" "WAR" -1.501 .161 -1.496 -1.825 -1.202 1959 "Warren" "WAR" -1.468 .161 -1.463 -1.79 -1.16 1960 "Warren" "WAR" -1.303 .162 -1.298 -1.637 -.996 1961 "Warren" "WAR" -1.398 .161 -1.394 -1.722 -1.088 1962 "Warren" "WAR" -1.274 .158 -1.269 -1.598 -.975 1963 "Warren" "WAR" -1.216 .161 -1.215 -1.543 -.91 1964 "Warren" "WAR" -1 .17 -.998 -1.347 -.68 1965 "Warren" "WAR" -1.083 .163 -1.081 -1.402 -.774 1966 "Warren" "WAR" -1.156 .156 -1.153 -1.47 -.862 1967 "Warren" "WAR" -1.157 .175 -1.151 -1.516 -.83 1968 "Warren" "WAR" -1.166 .205 -1.162 -1.589 -.778 1961 "White" "BW" -.033 .221 -.034 -.463 .397 1962 "White" "BW" -.031 .122 -.03 -.269 .207 1963 "White" "BW" .037 .116 .038 -.191 .264 1964 "White" "BW" -.052 .129 -.054 -.302 .2 1965 "White" "BW" -.035 .124 -.036 -.277 .209 1966 "White" "BW" .12 .114 .119 -.106 .345 1967 "White" "BW" .198 .119 .196 -.036 .436 1968 "White" "BW" .153 .121 .152 -.085 .387 1969 "White" "BW" .29 .122 .29 .054 .533 1970 "White" "BW" .604 .123 .602 .369 .847 1971 "White" "BW" .765 .121 .763 .526 1 1972 "White" "BW" 1.034 .125 1.033 .793 1.285 1973 "White" "BW" .587 .116 .585 .367 .821 1974 "White" "BW" .601 .124 .599 .363 .846 1975 "White" "BW" .516 .109 .514 .308 .731 1976 "White" "BW" .32 .108 .32 .11 .533 1977 "White" "BW" -.069 .113 -.068 -.294 .151 1978 "White" "BW" -.044 .106 -.043 -.252 .164 1979 "White" "BW" .145 .104 .145 -.061 .349 1980 "White" "BW" .072 .111 .071 -.144 .291 1981 "White" "BW" .021 .108 .023 -.189 .234 1982 "White" "BW" .461 .113 .459 .245 .685 1983 "White" "BW" .738 .126 .736 .497 .995 1984 "White" "BW" .937 .137 .933 .678 1.217 1985 "White" "BW" 1.149 .135 1.146 .89 1.417 1986 "White" "BW" 1.173 .132 1.171 .92 1.437 1987 "White" "BW" .931 .139 .93 .664 1.213 1988 "White" "BW" 1.006 .131 1.004 .755 1.264 1989 "White" "BW" .779 .125 .777 .54 1.031 1990 "White" "BW" .539 .125 .536 .3 .788 1991 "White" "BW" .51 .127 .509 .259 .76 1992 "White" "BW" .497 .159 .491 .196 .817 1956 "Whittaker" "WHIT" 1.013 .203 1.01 .626 1.423 1957 "Whittaker" "WHIT" 1.047 .148 1.04 .77 1.351 1958 "Whittaker" "WHIT" 1.346 .156 1.343 1.049 1.661 1959 "Whittaker" "WHIT" 1.456 .156 1.453 1.154 1.771 1960 "Whittaker" "WHIT" 1.271 .177 1.262 .945 1.637 1961 "Whittaker" "WHIT" 1.197 .243 1.189 .74 1.691